Comparison of the Mineral Element Content of Public Drinking Fountains and Bottled Water: A Case Study of Ferrara City

نویسنده

  • Dario Di Giuseppe
چکیده

Mineral elements are essential nutrients for humans and play important roles in many human physiological and bio-chemical processes. In this study, a comparison between the levels of mineral elements present in the water of public drinking fountains (PDRF) and in bottled water was carried out. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of PDRF as a mineral supplement, compared to the low-mineral bottled water for out-door non-competitive activity, such as jogging. The city of Ferrara was chosen as the study site. It has ancient walls and on their top there is a gravel road that people use for jogging and walking. Along the road, there are two public drinking fountains that are always used. Water from these fountains was sampled and analysed for major cations and anions using ionic chromatography. Data analyses were compared with the same analyses carried out on bottled water usually used by joggers. Results showed that fountains are a valid substitute of bottled water as they have a moderate content of mineral elements. During outdoor sport activity, the water from fountains is preferable for the reintegration of mineral elements, instead of bottled water that has a very low quantity of minerals.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Investigating the Concentration of Heavy Metals in Bottled Water and Comparing with its Standard: Case Study

Introduction: Today, bottled waters have attracted the assurance of consumers as one of the important drinking water supply resources, such that in some regions, the use of bottled waters has replaced the drinking water distribution system. The present study was carried out with the aim of measuring and determining the heavy metals in bottled water across a number of brands produced in Iran and...

متن کامل

Fluoride Content of Bottled Drinking Water Available in North West of Iran

Background: Consumption of bottled waters has received popularity and more acceptances. Fluoride is necessary for human life. But high levels of fluoride can cause some problems for human health such as Fluorosis and teeth and bones problems. The aim of this study is measure the fluoride content in bottled waters consumed in North West of Iran and comparison with the amount listed on their ...

متن کامل

Concentration of nitrate, nitrite and fluoride in drinking water and bottled water in Semnan city

Introduction: The safety of drinking water is one of the critical indexes concerning to health and hygiene of a society. Monitoring and controlling qualitative indices of water is of great importance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the quality of bottled water and urban drinking water in Semnan city with regard to the concentration of pollutant ions of nitrite and nitrate as well as...

متن کامل

Chemical composition and heavy metals in bottled mineral drinking waters in Bandar Abbas

Introduction: In recent years, attraction toward drinking bottled mineral water has increased. Therefore, chemical composition and safety of these waters considering trace elements and heavy metals should confirm the national or international standard limits. The aim of this study was to evaluate and comparison of the mineral and heavy metal composition of bottled waters in Bandar Abbas with Ir...

متن کامل

Determination of Fluoride in the Bottled Drinking Waters in Iran

Fluoride is recognized as an effective agent for dental caries prevention. Generally, the main source of fluoride intake is drinking water. In this study, fluoride content in 18 commercial brands of bottled waters was investigated. Six samples from each batch of 18 Iranian commercial brands of bottled waters were supplied. The fluoride content of samples was analyzed by Fluoride Ion Selective E...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2017